Safety and Risks
Complications of gastroscopy are very rare and may include bleeding or perforation. For inspection of the bowel alone, complications of colonoscopy are uncommon. Most surveys report complications in 1 in 1000 examinations or less.
Complications, which can occur, include an intolerance of the bowel preparation solution and scope disinfection solution used. Perforation (making a hole in the bowel), splenic injury or major bleeding from the bowel is extremely rare but if occurs, may require surgery. When operations such as removal of polyps are carried out there is a slightly higher risk of perforation and bleeding. Because of the risk of cancer, it is recommended that all polyps found at the time of colonoscopy be removed.
Even with a careful and thorough colonoscopy, there is still a small chance that some polyps or even early cancers may not be seen. This can happen because of the natural bends and folds in the bowel or if the bowel is not fully cleaned out before the test. Studies show that small polyps (less than 5 mm) can be missed in about 1 in 4 cases, medium polyps in about 1 in 10 cases, and larger polyps in fewer than 1 in 20 cases. Very occasionally, cancer may also be missed, which is why follow-up and repeat colonoscopies are recommended when needed.
However, it will not be possible to discuss the removal with you at the time of examination, as you will be sedated. If you have any queries or reservations about this, please inform your Doctor. In the unlikely event of hemorrhage occurring, blood transfusion may be necessary.
Before you have a colonoscopy, you need to make sure your bowel is as clear as possible. If your bowel is not clear, polyps or even cancers may be missed, or you may need to have the colonoscopy again. This means it is important for you to follow the instructions carefully and ask questions if you do not understand what to do. To get your bowel ready for the colonoscopy, you will be told what (and what not) to eat and drink, including when to drink extra fluids to stop you from getting dehydrated. You will be given or asked to buy medicine to clear out your bowel by causing diarrhea. Make sure you understand when to take the medicines, usually starting the day before the colonoscopy. Your doctor or nurse will explain how these medicines may affect you. You should tell them about any previous experience you have had with bowel preparation. Preparation for colonoscopy can also affect your other health conditions or medicines, such as medicines for diabetes or medicines to prevent blood clots. You may need to change the way you take your other medicines or follow special instructions in the days before your colonoscopy. Your Clinician will discuss with you any changes you may need to make. Some people may need extra personal or health support during bowel preparation and a few may need an overnight stay in hospital.
Our Gastroenterologists
Our gastroenterologists constantly strive to provide the highest standard of digestive health services and patient centred care. The easiest way to achieve the most accurate results and have the best patient experience is to ensure you follow all of the colonoscopy preparation instructions.